Since helping get Firefox Sync and Firefox Panorama into Firefox 4, I’ve been hacking recently on a neat feature called Account Manager. For end users, it makes it easy to connect to sites, and for web developers, it makes it easy to add that functionality. In the process of testing the feature, I added some basic functionality to my website in less than 5 lines of PHP!

(If you already know the details and just want the download, here they are: Windows, OS X and Linux)

An icon shows up in the location bar

If you visit my site using Firefox with Account Manager, you should see something like the picture above. By default, you get a plain image indicating that the site allows you to personalize your experience. Clicking on the icon indicates to Firefox that you want to sign-in.

Firefox asking for information to Sign In (WIP graphics!)

After successfully signing in, Firefox will reload the page. Notice that in addition to the page showing I’m signed-in, Firefox also knows who I’m signed-in as and informs me from the location bar.

Firefox and the website showing my signed-in status

What’s happening is that my site tells Firefox how to sign-in, and Firefox POSTs a request to my connect page, which just does the following:

<?php // connect.php
  $_SESSION["id"] = $_POST["id"];
?>

My site also tells Firefox how to figure out what account I’m signed in as, and my site responds as so:

<?php // status.php
  if ($id = $_SESSION["id"])
    echo "active; authmethod=\"username-password-form\"; id=\"$id\"";
  else
    echo "none";
?>

As a web developer, I didn’t need to write any HTML forms with input boxes and make sure they’re styled nicely. Firefox handles all that and makes it available from any page on my site. This is useful to blend into the look-n-feel of the user’s platform whether it be Windows or OS X or other devices like phones or TVs.

As an end user, I didn’t need to search for the fields to enter my information or find a link on the page that leads to a sign-in box. I know that I can just click in the same spot that I would click to sign in for other sites to sign-in. Additionally, I know at a glance that I’m looking at a personalized site and if I’m connected to the wrong account.

Now, if I were to restart Firefox, it has already remembered that I’ve signed-in to my site before, so signing-in is even easier the second time!

Signing-in to sites you've been to

Instead of the plain image, Firefox shows “Sign in” because it can do that for me. In a single click, Firefox will talk to the site in the background and reload the page. It’s so easy! Just one click.

Additionally, if I have multiple accounts on the site, perhaps an admin account and a user account, or if multiple people use one Firefox to visit the same web site, clicking “Sign in” will provide a list of those accounts.

No typing necessary to pick an account

You can try out this version of Firefox with Account Manager on Windows (installer), Mac OS X (disk image) and Linux (tarball). This is built on top of Firefox 4 Beta 4, so it includes features like Sync and Panorama and all the HTML5 and speed improvement goodness.

If you’d like to look into the details of how my site informs Firefox how to connect and get account status, you can take a peek at my Account Management Control Document which is linked from my host-meta. From there, you can start adding support for Account Manager to your own site!

We released Weave 0.3 M5 last week March 12th, so I got in a bit of hacking for the first half of the week. This initially involved more deleting code than adding code though, but I’m probably just being obsessive-compulsive about keeping things clean and orderly. But the more interesting part is finally getting some initial UI for helping users get out of a “broken state”. I then got to fixing things up for the new text view for About:Tab by refactoring code from the thumbnail view.

Weave Debugging Sync UI

The initial debugging sync UI is to help users get out of situations where the server might contain incorrectly encrypted data (perhaps you accidentally used two different passphrases) or some other reason your local data isn’t syncing to the weave server. So for now, you can use the buttons to wipe the server data, wipe local data and resync with the server, or wipe remote data and have them resync with the server.

Initial Weave debugging UI to control syncing

It’s kind of neat watching the local wipe clear out the bookmarks toolbar and then have it fill in with the bookmarks encrypted on the server. But don’t get too attached to the interface. We’ll be switching it to be more user friendly such as having diagrams of which way you’re syncing data (two-way sync, one way to your machine, one way to other machines) as well as being able to select which pieces of data to push out.

But this initial step is just getting the right logic to perform the various syncs. For example, I created a way to have each data engine reset their local temporary data without completely wiping out permanent data. Previously, there was just a single resetEngine method, but some engines treated that as wiping. There’s a whole set of service calls to reset and wipe the local/remote client and server now.

Weave Refactoring

The first thing I cleaned up was the syncing logic of choosing which engines to sync. Right now weave syncs all engines, but some previous version used to sync engines by thresholds. The threshold syncing was actually handled by a separate code path, but it did pretty much the same thing as a full sync. So I just combined the two and cleaned up the callers and fixed some divergences in the code. There were potential bugs in the unused threshold sync because we’ve only been updating the full sync code.

Another refactoring was deciding if a sync should run and if we should schedule a sync. Both of these were basically checking a number of statuses such as logged in, enabled, etc.; so I just combined them to simplify the logic for the two. This made me feel much cleaner about making weave not try syncing when in private browsing or offline — I only had to make changes to the unified “check sync” logic instead of duplicating code all over the place.

One last cleanup I got in was switching code to use the lazy services attached to the Weave.Svc object. Instead of having each object differently implementing their own lazy services, they could just re-use the lazy property that might already have gotten the service. Some of the original code checked if a “private” instance existed and returned that, others had a getter define another getter with a local closure to capture the instance, and some just grabbed the service directly. Instead of having all these class ids and interfaces scattered throughout the code, the centralized code can efficiently implement laziness as well as simplify debugging.


New Tab Text View

After looking through the initial feedback for the new tab page, Aza made a text-focused view for the new tab page, which got rid of all the thumbnails that were slow and not too useful. This was a whole separate page that had its own logic, but I cleaned things up by refactoring the shared data logic between the thumbnail and text views.

It turns out this is a good way to figure out how code should be structured to be reusable with different views. For example, the code for picking out which sites to show as well as their accompanying feeds were already in their own separate modules, but various clean-up code that could be used by both could be pushed to the data source as well.

However, I did run into an issue moving <script> code into a Cu.import module. Apparently plain unicode characters work just fine in the script code, but when imported, they need to be escaped like \u2013 for –. So I just escaped them when sharing the subtitle trimming code between the two views.

New Tab Customization

Another feature added recently was the ability to persist site removal. A lot of people want to customize their site list, so now you can just keep removing sites until you find the one you want. This actually ended up being fairly simple to implement as the back-end site storage just kept an array of sites to use, so modifying that structure allowed it to persist across new tabs.

Also, by reusing that site storage, we allow configuration of the number of feeds (or none) for each site, and that gets persisted across new tabs. With all this data in that shared storage, it shouldn’t be hard to get cross-browser data. All that needs to be done is to write the data out to disk, perhaps in a preference. Javascript now has a handy JSON object to stringify and parse json objects, so writing and reading the array is easy.

New Tab Performance

One last thing in terms of performance is that both sites and feeds are being prefetched on browser load. This is done asynchronously (yay Shawn!) so it doesn’t block the main thread which handles drawing and UI. The sites fetching code needed to be switched to use async queries, but that just needed some code restructuring. Instead of using a return value right away, pass the site getter a callback that gives the result. So for prefetching, the callback is used to trigger yet another async query, but this time for feeds.

We’ve been busy updating the New Tab add-on, About:Tab. We made it available a couple weeks back and plenty of new changes are based on the useful feedback in the comments section and elsewhere.

One big change is that we’ve switched to a more text-focused view. Instead of having gray thumbnails that aren’t too recognizable to you, we focus more on the site’s icon that you normally see in tabs. We can have a cleaner display for the site’s name yet still make it easy to click (basically anywhere) in that site’s box. Also, instead of being overloaded by too many feeds you don’t want, the default is now 3 and there’s more breathing room.

New text-based view for new tabs with customizations on the side

Another big change is customizability. A lot of people want to be able to reorder the list and get rid of things they don’t want. The initial release allowed you to drag things up and down, but it didn’t save that ordering, but now it does (for just the current browsing session, for now). You can now remove sites by clicking the edit text then de-selecting the checkbox (where the site’s icon would be) then confirming to remove the site.

Some people didn’t really want feeds for some sites, but for other sites, the feeds were very useful. You can now get rid of feeds by clicking edit and dropping the number of items shown to 0. (Just pretend the 2 radio buttons were actually buttons with “-” and “+”… ) After adjusting the length to what you want, you can click on save.

As a bonus for comparison, you can hit the asterisk (∗) at the bottom corner of the screen to switch to the old thumbnail view. It uses the same data as the text version, so customizations you do on the text view will show up on the thumbnail view. It’ll even remember which view you used last, so next time you open a tab, it’ll show the right one. But just to note, we’re focusing more on the text view right now, so there will be features missing from the thumbnail view.

But we’re still focusing on speed and streamlining the behavior so that you don’t need to do much customization after using it for a bit. We now prefetch sites and their feeds, so the new tab opens up much faster, and the feeds will automatically get the newest information from time to time. Also, some have asked to be able to customize which feeds are shown, but if we can pick the right feed all the time, that saves the extra step.

For the official Mozilla Labs post by Aza, check out Firefox New Tab: Next Iteration [labs.mozilla.com]. Please try out the latest version of About:Tab [people.mozilla.com] and keep giving useful feedback.

Keep track of comments, bug fixes, code commits at Planet New Tab! [newtab.agadak.net]

For my first week working remotely from Champaign, I focused mostly on the About:Tab sprint, but I got in some time for other Labs projects like Weave and the Design Challenge.

I’ve already written about the About:Tab initial prototype release that provides a streamlined new tab page that needs no configuration, so I’ll mention specifically what I worked on: frecency site listing, thumbnails, feeds, and predicting behavior.

About:Tab Sites

The site listing was the easiest part as I’ve already had plenty of experience with the Places database with the Location Bar for Firefox 3 and Auto Dial. The query I used is actually quite different from the existing queries as it focuses on finding top pages of sites instead of just any top-frecency pages. At one point I was tempted to also show related pages of that site similar to EdBrowser’s Site Launcher, but Beltzner set us back on track of quickly creating a prototype.

For those using About:Tab, you might have noticed you can drag the sites around, but that doesn’t actually do anything. (Actually, it’s useful for preparing screenshots..) I used jQuery UI’s Sortable [jqueryui.com] to let things get dragged around. This was actually the first time I used a framework like jQuery, so I had to do a lot of digging around the API Documentation [docs.jquery.com]. So if you look through the mercurial code repository [hg.mozilla.org], you’ll see plenty of chained $()s.

About:Tab Thumbnails

I had some trouble coding up the thumbnails as I kept thinking about how to efficiently grab thumbs and save them, but then I realized it was just a prototype, so for now it just loads the thumbnails once and saves them in memory for the session. This turns out to work pretty well as the site listing doesn’t change much and the thumbnails are just there to help remind you “yes, this is the site I want” as after a while, it should be muscle memory for going to site you want.

Testing grayscale filters on cake!

I also got to play around with SVG to make the thumbnails gray until hovered. I found roc’s post on applying SVG effects to HTML [weblogs.mozillazine.org] and quickly put together my own example. I had some troubles getting it to work in about:tab because the about: protocol doesn’t support #fragments, but because we clear out the location bar anyway, I decided to switch the page to just use the chrome:// URI.

About:Tab Feeds

A lot of the heavy lifting of automatically finding and tracking feeds was straight from Atul’s Ambient News [toolness.com]. The main part I worked on was grabbing feeds for just the corresponding sites shown instead of showing any feed from top sites. Here I used an asynchronous SQLite query to get the feed data, so that’s part of the reason why feeds slowly fade in after opening a new tab.

About:Tab Predicting Behavior

There already is some behavior predicting in the prototype like suggesting undo closed tab and searching for addresses, but I’m actually working on something separate.. predicting where you would want to go next based on where you’ve already been. The Places backend already remembers your history to help decide which pages to show in the Location Bar, so mining useful data like starting pages is totally possible.

This functionality isn’t in the initial prototype, but I’ve got some results that seem promising.. at least for my own browsing history, so we’ll figure out a way to show this information to the user. The ability for Firefox to accurately provide useful pages is pretty neat but kinda creepy at the same time..

For example, after searching for “weather champaign,” it would suggest the GPS-tracking bus results. Or after going to Air Mozilla [air.mozilla.com], it knows that I open up the Weekly Status Updates [wiki.mozilla.com]. Or when I go to one news site, I frequently go to other news sites.

Weave & Design Challenge

For Weave, I’ve got a number of patches in the pipeline for Milestone 5 such as being able to “start over” as well as automatically disabling Weave while offline and in private browsing. Other simple patches have already landed like clearing failed login notifications after a successful login as well as allowing right-clicks on the Weave statusbar icon.

In terms of the Design Challenge [labs.mozilla.com], I figured that while I’m working remotely in Champaign, it would be good for me to reach out to the University of Illinois’ HCI group. So I’ll be talking with some of my former professors like Karrie Karahalios [social.cs.uiuc.edu] who focuses on social computing.